Chapter 22 — Post Office, Banking, and Bureaucracy

Living in Japan means interacting with institutions: mailing packages at the post office, using an ATM, filling out forms at city hall. These interactions are repetitive and formulaic — the same phrases, the same form fields, the same automated instructions appear every time. Once you learn the vocabulary and recognize the patterns, what initially seems impenetrable becomes routine.

This chapter covers three domains: the post office, the bank, and the general bureaucratic form. The grammar is entirely review — what you need is the specialized vocabulary and the ability to read form labels and screen instructions.


22.1 At the Post Office

Japanese post offices (郵便局, ゆうびんきょく) handle mail, packages, savings accounts, and insurance. For our purposes, we focus on mailing.

Basic Mailing Vocabulary

手紙(てがみ) — letter

はがき — postcard

切手(きって) — postage stamp

封筒(ふうとう) — envelope

荷物(にもつ) — package; parcel (general term)

小包(こづつみ) — parcel; small package (postal term)

宛先(あてさき) — destination address

差出人(さしだしにん) — sender

Mailing Options

JapaneseReadingMeaning
普通郵便ふつうゆうびんregular mail
速達そくたつexpress mail
書留かきとめregistered mail
配達証明はいたつしょうめいdelivery confirmation
国際郵便こくさいゆうびんinternational mail
航空便こうくうびんairmail
船便ふなびんsurface mail (by sea)
EMSイーエムエスExpress Mail Service (international express)

At the Counter

客:すみません、この荷物を アメリカに 送りたいんですが。 Customer: "Excuse me, I'd like to send this package to America."

局員:航空便と 船便が ございますが、どちらに なさいますか。 Staff: "We have airmail and surface mail. Which would you prefer?"

客:航空便で お願いします。どのぐらい かかりますか。 Customer: "Airmail, please. How long will it take?"

局員:航空便ですと、一週間ぐらいで 届きます。 Staff: "By airmail, it will arrive in about one week."

届く(とどく, 五段) — to arrive; to be delivered

届ける(とどける, 一段) — to deliver (transitive)

Note the intransitive/transitive pair: 届く (it arrives by itself) versus 届ける (someone delivers it).

客:いくらですか。 Customer: "How much is it?"

局員:二千五百円に なります。 Staff: "It comes to 2,500 yen."

客:あと、八十円の 切手を 五枚 ください。 Customer: "Also, five 80-yen stamps, please."

Package Labeling

When sending a package, you fill out a form. Key labels on the form:

お届け先(おとどけさき) — recipient's address

ご依頼主(ごいらいぬし) — sender (formal term on forms)

品名(ひんめい) — contents description

重さ(おもさ) — weight

On the form you will also see:

こわれもの — fragile

なまもの — perishables

天地無用(てんちむよう) — this side up (do not invert)


22.2 At the Bank

Account Vocabulary

口座(こうざ) — bank account

普通口座(ふつうこうざ) — regular (savings) account

当座口座(とうざこうざ) — checking account

口座を 開く(ひらく) — to open an account

通帳(つうちょう) — bankbook; passbook

キャッシュカード — cash card (debit card)

暗証番号(あんしょうばんごう) — PIN number

Banking Transactions

JapaneseReadingMeaning
預金よきんdeposit (noun)
預けるあずけるto deposit
引き出しひきだしwithdrawal
引き出すひきだすto withdraw
振り込みふりこみbank transfer
振り込むふりこむto transfer (money)
残高ざんだかaccount balance
両替りょうがえcurrency exchange
手数料てすうりょうhandling fee; commission
利息りそくinterest

At the ATM

ATM screens in Japan follow consistent patterns. Here is a typical main menu:

お引き出し — withdrawal

お預け入れ — deposit

お振り込み — transfer

残高照会 — balance inquiry

通帳記入 — passbook update

Note the お prefix on transaction types — this is 美化語, the beautifying prefix used in formal and institutional contexts (Chapter 15).

A typical withdrawal sequence:

Screen 1:

お取引を お選びください。 "Please select your transaction."

Screen 2 (after selecting お引き出し):

暗証番号を 入力してください。 "Please enter your PIN."

入力する(にゅうりょくする) — to input; to enter (data)

Screen 3:

金額を 入力してください。 "Please enter the amount."

金額(きんがく) — amount (of money)

Screen 4:

確認してください。 "Please confirm."

The screen displays:

お引き出し金額:30,000円

手数料:110円

よろしいですか? はい / いいえ

Screen 5 (completion):

お取引が 完了しました。カードと 明細書を お取りください。 "Your transaction is complete. Please take your card and receipt."

明細書(めいさいしょ) — statement; receipt (detailed)

完了(かんりょう) — completion

For bank transfers, you will also encounter:

振込先(ふりこみさき) — transfer destination

銀行名(ぎんこうめい) — bank name

支店名(してんめい) — branch name

口座番号(こうざばんごう) — account number

口座名義(こうざめいぎ) — account holder name


22.3 Reading Forms — Field Labels

Japanese bureaucratic forms — at the bank, city hall, post office, hospital, or any institution — use a consistent set of field labels. Recognizing these labels is a practical skill that comes up constantly.

Personal Information Fields

JapaneseReadingMeaning
氏名しめいfull name (formal)
フリガナフリガナreading (in katakana) of your name
生年月日せいねんがっぴdate of birth
性別せいべつsex/gender
おとこmale
おんなfemale
住所じゅうしょaddress
電話番号でんわばんごうtelephone number
携帯番号けいたいばんごうmobile phone number
メールアドレスメールアドレスemail address

Date Format

Japanese dates on forms follow the order: 年(ねん)月(がつ)日(にち)— year, month, day. Japan uses both Western years (西暦, せいれき) and the Japanese era system (元号, げんごう):

西暦 2025年 = 令和(れいわ)7年

Forms may ask you to write dates in either system. When the form says 年 月 日 with blank spaces, fill in the numbers. Some forms specify:

西暦でご記入ください。 "Please write in the Western calendar."

元号でご記入ください。 "Please write in the Japanese era system."

Common Form Instructions

ご記入ください — "please fill in" (respectful request)

○で囲んでください — "please circle" (literally "please surround with a circle")

該当するものに○をつけてください — "please mark the applicable item with a circle"

該当(がいとう) — applicable; relevant

太枠内にご記入ください — "please write within the bold-bordered area"

楷書で丁寧にご記入ください — "please write neatly in block letters"

※印の項目は必ずご記入ください — "items marked with ※ must be filled in"

必須(ひっす) — required; mandatory

Types of Forms

JapaneseReadingMeaning
申込書もうしこみしょapplication form
届出とどけでnotification; report (to authorities)
届出書とどけでしょnotification form
申請書しんせいしょapplication form (for official permission)
同意書どういしょconsent form
委任状いにんじょうpower of attorney; proxy form

At city hall (市役所, しやくしょ or 区役所, くやくしょ), common forms include:

転入届(てんにゅうとどけ) — move-in notification

転出届(てんしゅつとどけ) — move-out notification

住民票(じゅうみんひょう) — certificate of residence


22.4 Bureaucratic Set Phrases

Institutions in Japan — government offices, banks, hospitals, post offices — use a consistent set of polite and formal phrases. These are worth recognizing as a group.

At the Reception Desk

受付(うけつけ) — reception desk

番号札を お取りください。 "Please take a number ticket."

番号札(ばんごうふだ) — number ticket

〇〇番の方、二番窓口へ どうぞ。 "Number ○○, please proceed to window 2."

お待たせしました。 "Sorry for the wait." (lit. "I have made you wait" — humble)

During the Transaction

こちらに ご記入ください。 "Please fill in here."

身分証明書を お見せください。 "Please show your identification."

身分証明書(みぶんしょうめいしょ) — identification document

ご本人様確認の ため、お名前と 生年月日を お願いします。 "For identity verification, your name and date of birth, please."

確認(かくにん) — confirmation; verification

印鑑(いんかん)はお持ちですか。 / 印鑑を お持ちですか。 "Do you have your seal stamp?"

印鑑(いんかん) — personal seal/stamp

In Japan, a personal seal (印鑑 or はんこ) is used instead of a signature on many official documents. While digital signatures and pen signatures are becoming more accepted, 印鑑 still appear on bank forms, real estate contracts, and government documents.

Completion

以上で お手続きは 完了です。 "Your procedure is now complete."

お手続き(おてつづき) — procedure; paperwork

こちらの 控えを お持ちください。 "Please keep this copy."

控え(ひかえ) — copy; receipt; one's copy


22.5 Reading Passage — ATM and Form Instructions

ゆうちょ銀行のATMの使い方

日本に来たばかりのとき、ATMの使い方が分からなくて困った。英語の画面もあるが、近くの小さい郵便局のATMには英語がなかった。友達に使い方を教えてもらったので、ここに書いておく。

まず、キャッシュカードを入れる。画面に「お取引を お選びください」と出るので、「お引き出し」を押す。次に、暗証番号を四桁入力する。間違えないように気をつけたほうがいい。三回間違えると、カードが使えなくなるそうだ。

暗証番号を入れたら、金額を入力する。千円単位で選べる。金額を入力して「確認」を押すと、「手数料がかかりますが、よろしいですか」と聞かれることがある。ゆうちょ銀行のATMを使えば、平日の昼間は手数料がかからない。でも、夜や土日に使うと、百十円の手数料がかかる。

お金が出てきたら、カードと明細書を忘れずに取る。明細書には残高が書いてあるので、確認しておくといい。

振り込みも同じATMでできる。「お振り込み」を選んで、振込先の銀行名、支店名、口座番号、金額を入力する。振り込みには手数料がかかることが多いので、先に確認したほうがいい。

最近はスマホのアプリで振り込みができるようになったので、ATMに行かなくてもいい場合も多い。でも、ATMの使い方を知っておくと、いざというときに便利だ。

Translation

When I had just come to Japan, I didn't know how to use the ATM and was at a loss. There are English screens, but the ATM at the small nearby post office didn't have English. A friend taught me how to use it, so I'll write it down here.

First, insert your cash card. The screen displays "Please select your transaction," so press "Withdrawal." Next, enter your four-digit PIN. It's best to be careful not to make a mistake. I hear that if you get it wrong three times, the card becomes unusable.

After entering your PIN, enter the amount. You can select in units of 1,000 yen. When you enter the amount and press "Confirm," you may be asked, "A fee will apply — is that acceptable?" If you use a Yucho Bank ATM, there's no fee during weekday daytime hours. But if you use it at night or on weekends, a 110-yen fee applies.

When the money comes out, don't forget to take your card and receipt. The balance is written on the receipt, so it's a good idea to check it.

You can also do bank transfers at the same ATM. Select "Transfer" and enter the destination bank name, branch name, account number, and amount. Transfers often have fees, so it's best to check beforehand.

Recently it has become possible to do transfers via smartphone apps, so there are many cases where you don't need to go to the ATM. But knowing how to use the ATM is convenient for when you need it.


22.6 Vocabulary List

WordReadingPitchPart of SpeechEnglish
郵便局ゆうびんきょくnounpost office
切手きってnounpostage stamp
荷物にもつnounpackage; luggage
小包こづつみnounparcel
封筒ふうとうnounenvelope
速達そくたつnounexpress mail
書留かきとめnounregistered mail
届くとどく五段to arrive; to be delivered
届けるとどける一段to deliver
届出とどけでnounnotification (official)
航空便こうくうびんnounairmail
船便ふなびんnounsurface mail
口座こうざnounbank account
通帳つうちょうnounbankbook; passbook
暗証番号あんしょうばんごうnounPIN number
預金よきんnoundeposit (bank)
引き出しひきだしnounwithdrawal
振り込みふりこみnounbank transfer
振り込むふりこむ五段to transfer (money)
残高ざんだかnounaccount balance
手数料てすうりょうnounhandling fee
両替りょうがえnoun / するcurrency exchange
氏名しめいnounfull name (formal)
生年月日せいねんがっぴnoundate of birth
住所じゅうしょnounaddress
申込書もうしこみしょnounapplication form
受付うけつけnounreception desk
印鑑いんかんnounpersonal seal
身分証明書みぶんしょうめいしょnounidentification document
確認かくにんnoun / するconfirmation
必要事項ひつようじこうnounrequired items (on a form)
金額きんがくnounamount (of money)
明細書めいさいしょnounstatement; detailed receipt
入力にゅうりょくnoun / するinput; data entry
控えひかえnouncopy; one's receipt
該当がいとうnoun / するapplicable; relevant